Is Government Surveillance a Violation of the Fourth...

The government is always watching to ensure safety of their country, including everything and everyone in it. Camera surveillance has become an accepted and almost expected addition to modern safety and crime prevention (â€Å"Where† para 1). Many people willingly give authorization to companies like Google and Facebook to make billions selling their personal preferences, interests, and data. Canada participates with the United States and other countries in monitoring national and even global communications (â€Å"Where† para 2). Many question the usefulness of this kind of surveillance (Hier, Let, and Walby 1).However, surveillance, used non-discriminatorily, is, arguably, the key technology to preventing terrorist plots (Eijkman 1). Government†¦show more content†¦It was and is a sensible use of our comparative advantage in technology. It enables us to collect information that human intelligence has been unable to provide, given our difficulty of penetrating cells of radical Islamists, at home or abroad (Zuckerman para 3). Government officials try to put people’s concerns to rest with these statements, but the resentment toward the â€Å"snooping† continues (Zuckerman para 4) The government does, without a doubt have reason for the NSA’s surveillance. Citizens do not always fully understand legislation before becoming angry at someone. Who better to point a finger at than their government (Zuckerman para 7)? Despite the actual legal terms on surveillance, innocent citizens feel that they have had their rights violated and wonder why the government needs their information if they have nothing to hide. The supreme court declared in the third party doctrine that â€Å"anyone turning over information to a third party, such as a bank or Internet service provider, has no right to object if that information is later shared with the government† (Timberg para 11). Whether they understand the law or not, most people feel that their information should not be unnecessarily subjected to the government without their voiced approval (Zuckerman para 6). â€Å"Quite simply, the administration could have done a much better job of explaining both the potential and the limits of data mining. It should have made it clearShow MoreRelatedThe Rights And Civil Liberties1558 Words   |  7 Pagesrights and civil liberties that places limits on government power. These rights are known as the Bill of Rights; the first 10 amendments to the United States Constitution. One right in particular I want to discuss is the Fourth Amendment. The Fourth Amendment is known as the right against â€Å"unreasonable search and seizures.† It is the basis of the law with regards to stop-and-frisk, search warrants, wiretaps, and other forms of surveillance. This Amendment states that â€Å"The right of the people to be secureRead MoreThe Fourth Amendment Is On Privacy1502 Words   |  7 PagesThe search and seizure stipulate that the Fourth Amendment is about privacy. It gives a previsi on of protection of personal privacy to every citizen’s right, not to serve as a fixed protection against the misuse of the government, but to be free from unreasonable government intrusion into individuals lives. There is an understanding that one must know when looking into the Fourth Amendment and expecting protection, that must be considered. It serves as a protection for the rights of the people duringRead MoreSocial And Political Landscape : September 111670 Words   |  7 Pagesfall under the stereotypical image of a terrorist. The government and citizens all asked questions alike, â€Å"Why, how, and who did this?† The government had failed in doing its job as protector of its citizens. To act on this failure of protection, President George W. Bush â€Å"initiated warrantless domestic surveillance by the NSA† in hopes that they could prevent another attack like this from ever occurring again (Schell par. 11). The government began to search â€Å"layers of phone numbers† and deal withRead MoreDomestic Surveillance And Coalition With The Nsa769 Words   |  4 PagesDomestic Surveillance in Coalition with the NSA Rand Paul, of the Wall Street Journal states, â€Å"How many records did the NSA seize from Verizon† (Paul)? Verizon is an enormous phone company that covers more than 308 million people. All of the phone information secured in the Verizon Company, is now being monitored and viewed by the US Government, which was initially kept secret from the people, under code name PRISM (Greenwald). The information under this code name was then leaked by a former NSARead MoreLaw Enforcement s Use Of Illegal Search Warrants1009 Words   |  5 PagesLaw Enforcement’s use of illegal search warrants in violation of the fourth amendment rights. This is the case of Jones v. United States (2012). Antoine Jones owned a nightclub in the District of Columbia. In 2004, a joint Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) and Metropolitan Police Department task force began investigating Jones for narcotics violations. During the course of the investigation, a Global Positioning System (GPS) device was installed on Jones s Jeep Grand Cherokee, without a validRead MoreWhat Violates The Fourth Amendment?1194 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Violates the Fourth Amendment? â€Å"Unreasonable search and seizures shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.† – Amendment IV The most controversial aspect of the fourth amendment is the debate over what constitutes as a legitimate search. Since the amendment’s addition to the constitution on December 15, 1791, citizens have questionedRead MoreKyllo V. Us : Facts About The Case914 Words   |  4 Pagesoutside the premises of one Lee Kyllo in Oregon. At the evidentiary hearing argued at the District court, the court held that the instrument used is not able to penetrate through walls and expose conversations or other human movements. After the surveillance using the device, it was concluded that the amount of heat emanating from Kyllo’s residence was abnormal particularly from the garage roof and sidewalls (the premise is that to grow cannabis sativa inside a house on needs a large amount of lightRead MoreThe Impact Of Technological Surveillance On Human Surveillance1549 Words   |  7 Pagesadvances in surveillance will be analyzed. Whitebread, and Slobogin (2014) give a good working definition of what technological surveillance is and what is covers. â€Å"Technological surveillance,†¦ is meant to encompass a wide variety of techniques that enhance the ability to ease drop or spy on the activities of others† (Whitebread and Slobogin, 2004, p. 134,)There are many forms of technological surveillance, example will be show through case law. As new forms of technological surveillance arise, moreRead MoreThe Ns The National Security Agency1250 Words   |  5 Pages The National Security Agency or otherwise known as the NSA, had sparked a recent debate of the fundamental amendment rights that American citizens have. To provide some historical context, the NSA in 2013 was exposed by Edward Snowden, a former contractor and employer of the NSA. He was a NSA whistleblower who divulged the surveilling tactics that the government had imposed on its citizens, as well as on many of its international allies. Many senior governmental officials had repeatedly statedRead MoreEssay about Privacy Under the Fourth Amendment928 Words   |  4 PagesPrivacy Under the Fourth Amendment Katz V. The United States The petitioner Mr. Katz was arrested for illegal gambling, he had been gambling over a public phone. The FBI attached an electronic recorder onto the outside of the public phone booth. The state courts claimed this to be legal because the recording device was on the outside of the phone and the FBI never entered the booth. The Supreme Court Ruled in the favor of Katz. They stated that the Fourth Amendment allowed for the protection

The Dobzhansky-Muller Model

The Dobzhansky-Muller Model is a scientific explanation of why natural selection influences speciation in such a way that when hybridization occurs between species, the resulting offspring is genetically incompatible with other members of its species of origin. This occurs because there are several ways that speciation occurs in the natural world, one of which is that a common ancestor can break off into many lineages due to reproductive isolations of certain populations or parts of populations of that species. In this scenario, the genetic makeup of those lineages changes over time through mutations and natural selection choosing the most favorable adaptations for survival. Once the species have diverged, many times they are no longer compatible and can no longer sexually reproduce with each other. The natural world has both prezygotic and postzygotic isolation mechanisms that keep species from interbreeding and producing hybrids, and the Dobzhansky-Muller Model helps to explain how this occurs through the exchange of unique, new alleles and chromosomal  mutations. A New Explanation for Alleles Theodosius Dobzhansky and Hermann Joseph Muller created a model to explain how new alleles arise and are passed down in the newly formed species. Theoretically, an individual that would have a mutation at the chromosomal level would not be able to reproduce with any other individual. The Dobzhansky-Muller Model attempts to theorize how a brand new lineage can arise if there is only one individual with that mutation; in their model, a new allele arises and becomes fixed at one point. In the other now diverged lineage, a different allele arises at a different point on the gene. The two diverged species are now incompatible with each other because they have two alleles that have never been together in the same population. This changes the proteins that are produced during transcription and translation, which could make the hybrid offspring sexually incompatible; however, each lineage can still hypothetically reproduce with the ancestral population, but if these new mutations in the lineages are advantageous, eventually they will become permanent alleles in each population—when this occurs, the ancestral population has successfully split into two new species. Further Explanation of Hybridization The Dobzhansky-Muller Model is also able to explain how this may happen at a large level with whole chromosomes. It is possible that over time during evolution, two smaller chromosomes may undergo centric fusion and become one large chromosome. If this happens, the new lineage with the larger chromosomes is no longer compatible with the other lineage and hybrids cannot happen. What this essentially means is that if two identical yet isolated populations start with a genotype of AABB, but the first group evolves to aaBB and the second to AAbb, meaning that if they crossbreed to form a hybrid, the combination of a and b or A and B occurs for the first time in the populations history, making this hybridized offspring unviable with its ancestors. The Dobzhansky-Muller Model states that incompatibility, then, is most likely caused by whats known as alternative fixation of two or more populations instead of just one and that the hybridization process yields a co-occurrence of alleles in the same individual that is genetically unique and incompatible with others of the same species.

My Almost Four Years at St. Josephs College - 2532 Words

Throughout my almost four years at Saint Joseph’s College, I have gained heaps of knowledge about various topics, anywhere from my Sports Management classes to Business to Physical Education. But little did I know, when I signed up to be a Puma, I signed up for something beyond a great education. My beliefs, values, and ethics have been put to the test. Not only going through the huge life changing event of going to college, but I have been asked time and time again what I thought and what I believed. This semester in Core 9, I have learned more about myself than I thought there was to me. My beliefs have blossomed into a never ending love for God and a desire to become closer to God every single day. My values have been tested to the†¦show more content†¦Malone stated that â€Å"God wants us to use our suffering to make the world and ourselves better.† This speaks to me because I don’t think that God can force your choice especially with the free will. God also gave us something that he didn’t have to give us. He gave us the power to make our own decisions, free will. Everyday we make decisions, big or small. The small decisions like what to wear and what to eat are not as important in our development as a person as who we surround ourselves with, our friends. At one point in my life, I surrounded myself with the wrong group of people. As a consequence of being around people with questionable values, my image suffered greatly. People make decisions sometimes that they are going to hurt someone. These are life altering decisions. These decisions can really hurt your relationship with God and with other people that you surround yourself with. Sach’s, he brings up another great point by saying, â€Å"We are really free to be, free to ourselves, different from God. The real freedom of the world is what God most intensely desires and is its greatest good. For, only in freedom can there be a real relationship of love in w hich each of the lovers takes delight in the mystery of the other.† (Sachs 27). Later in that same section, he says, â€Å"On its deepest level, it is the capacity and responsibility to be in loving relationship withShow MoreRelatedHoop Dreams : Dream Deferred2370 Words   |  10 Pagesthrough a cohort of individuals, Arthur Agee and William Gates. Agee and Gates’s lives are chronicled through a longintudinal study of four years, from the summer they enter high school, to their entry into college. Both African-American teenagers are recruited from different parts of Chicago, but they came together to begin their freshman year at St. Joseph’s High School, the institution that built Basketball superstar Isaiah Thomas. Both Arthur and William begin their journey in a similar mannerRead MoreHoop Dreams Analysis2621 Words   |  11 Pagesfrom that. We never did get much more, but we kept on filming (Ebert, 1).† Through commendable efforts in precise cinemat ography, narrative, and continuity editing- the stories of Arthur Agee and William Gates widened the eyes of America. In all my years of studying cinema I have yet to watch a movie, documentary or not, that has touched me this deeply. The superiority of Hoop Dreams goes well beyond the scope of a Film student. Apart from his assessment, Hoop Dreams is decorated with overRead MoreGender Inequity in Education Essay4136 Words   |  17 Pages For years, females have been marginalized by American society. Until 1920, they could not participate fully in the so-called democratic organization of this country by way of voting, and even then, it was considered improper for females to be involved or interested in politics. In years past, females were discouraged from entering certain professions, as the general consensus was that jobs that required intense levels of higher training were male-only jobs. Similarly, the place for femalesRead MoreGraduation Speech : College Athletes3520 Words   |  15 Pagesschool. The summer of freshman Year is around the time you are invited to join popular camps and play for their summer league. By the time your senior year has arrived you already have a few schools in mind that show interest in you to play college basketball. â€Å"National Signing Dayâ€Å" is the big day. On that day every year hundreds of student athletes from around the nation announce what school they will attend in the fall of the following semester. A big day for college sports fans across the nationRead MoreCxc Past Story4519 Words   |  19 Pagesnow.   Beads of sweat slowly trickled down my face, the numbing feeling of guilt stealthily creeping up my spine. I sat in my western looking living room on the cowboy patterned sofa, shaking from head to toe. The dingy brown, the room had been painted, it seemed nauseating at this moment - or was it the fact that the walls of the room seemed to be closing in on me. I wish they would, I thought. My mind drifted to two hours earlier that day in my classroom. Life seemed less complex then. ComeRead MoreDiane Marie Corbliss s Life2668 Words   |  11 PagesDiane Marie Corbliss was born on December 04, 1953 at 8:17 am. She was born to Robert Joseph Corbliss and Geraldine Corbliss at St. Vincent’s Hospital in Manhattan. Little did Robert and Gerri know that this baby would grow up to be an amazing grandma, friend, mom, sister, aunt and person. I chose to write this biography about Diane because she has had an amazing life consisting of six decades to date. She has had many significant life experiences and challenges to overcome. I also wasn’t veryRead MoreKatherine Kolcabas Comfort Theory3993 Words   |  16 PagesComfort Theory Annette Hall St Joseph’s College of Maine Abstract Katherine Kolcaba’s Comfort Theory fits best with my philosophy of nursing and my current work environment. As a hospice nurse comfort is the top priority. The goal of hospice care is to provide comfort and dignity at the end of life. The technical term for comfort for health care is the immediate state of being strengthened by having the needs for relief, ease, and transcendence addressed in the four context of holistic human experience:Read MoreStrategy Management18281 Words   |  74 Pagesrot12737_fm_i-xlvi.indd iv 17/11/11 7:37 PM Confirming Pages Dedication To my eternal family for their love, support, and sacrifice: Kelleyn, Harris, Winston, Roman, and Adelaide —Frank T. Rothaermel rot12737_fm_i-xlvi.indd v 17/11/11 7:37 PM Confirming Pages ABOUT THE AUTHOR FRANK T. ROTHAERMEL Georgia Institute of Technology Frank T. 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Franchising and Convenience Store free essay sample

I. Introduction Company Background MINISTOP is a convenience store  franchise  chain in  Japan. It was established in May 1980 as a wholly-owned subsidiary of Jusco Co. , Ltd. with an initial capitalization of 30 million yen. By year July 1980 they open its first store in Okurayama in Yokohama, Japan. MINISTOPs network breaks the 100 store mark with 80 franchised Stores and 20 stores directly managed by year May 1985. The first MINISTOP overseas store opens in Seoul, South Korea by November 1990. And in the year 1998 1,000 MINISTOP stores in full blast operation, 922 franchised stores and 78 stores directly managed. By August 2000 Robinsons Retail Group, Mitsubishi Corporation and MINISTOP Co. , Ltd. seal Shareholders Agreement to establish MINISTOP, Philppines. The first MINISTOP store in the Philippines opens at the MRT Central Station, a busy commercial hub. MINISTOP has always envisioned becoming the leader in the convenience store industry. MINISTOP has made its presence felt by being the communitys warmest and friendliest modern combo store. It takes pride in its wide range of quality products, at affordable prices and value-added service. The commitment to a customer-focused management has given MINISTOP a competitive edge not only in Japan but also in the Philippines. MINISTOP has been continuously expanding to service the Filipino consumer needs inside and outside the Metro Manila area. II. Company Vision/ Mission Vision MINISTOP is the leader in the convenience store industry, preferred by customers in terms of assortment, price and quality of products and value-added service. Mission MINISTOP contributes to the enhancement of communities by providing customers with wide assortment of popular conveniently packaged merchandise and fast food products of high quality at affordable prices through excellent service in a clean, safe and friendly environment. It provides business opportunities by offering attractive franchising package to local entrepreneurs. III. Products and Services MINISTOP is the convenience store that exudes energy and vibrancy with its modern, innovative, warm and pleasantly clean ambience The unique combo format of MINISTOP makes it the only convenience store that serves in-store prepared food products a definite plus in convenience shopping. Customers now enjoy the convenience of being able to indulge in freshly-prepared fast food in the stores dine-in corner that features clean and comfortable sitting facility. IV. Business Opportunities Since MINISTOP is a convenience store  franchise  chain, it continuously expands. Up to 1,000 Mini-Stop stores were in full blast operation, 922 were franchised and 78 stores were directly managed. MINISTOP franchising business objectives * To develop and establish systems and RCSI infrastructures to support the rapid growth of stores and needs of franchisees * To continuously develop systems and procedures to make store operations simple and more efficient. ’ Merits of MINISTOP Franchise System * Small capitalization  required Independent entrepreneurial management * Business experience not necessary * Full Franchisers support thru training programs,  advanced business systems,  distribution center  and  store operation guidance * MINISTOP  assists by investing key equipment and operating cost. V. Evaluation MINISTOP (Bucal Branch) MINISTOP Pansol is one of the hundred branches of MINISTOP all over the country established in year 2009. It is located at 55 km. National Road Brgy. Bucal Calamba Laguna and is owned by Mr. Nilcar B. Donato. Performing SWOT The most influential way of doing this is to perform a SWOT analysis of the company. Recognizing the Strengths and Weaknesses before tackling the Opportunities and Threats is the best way to approach the analysis: the more Strengths and Opportunities the better they can both be seen as the bigger influences for the success of your company. This may well depend on your company’s original objectives and goals but the whole process will certainly give an overall look at the current position of your business. STRENGTHS * MINISTOP is a convenience stall and fast food in one. Soft serve ice cream is one of the best selling products of this branch although other competitor has it but still customers’ satisfaction proves that ours is the best. * The market place is right or fit because they are surrounded by many schools and resorts. * They have a good management system. * They have an open communication. * Currently in a good financial position. * They have skilled workers. * They meet the satisfaction of their employees. WEAKNESS * Less customers during weekday mornings. * Competitors offer almost the same products as them. * Presence of good competitors in the area. OPPORTUNITIES * Good financial position creating a good reputation for future bank loans and borrowings * If their business continuously prospers, they will reach their goal to be the number one convenience store in the Philippines. * Because of their good management system, there is a big opportunity for expansion of the business. * More customers may be entertained. More customers more money. THREATS * Large and increasing competition * Rising cost of Wages * Local authority refusing plans for future building expansion * Existing product becoming unfashionable or unpopular The price can be no longer afforded by their customer due to economy crisis. VI. Conclusion Finally, with the results from the SWOT analysis we made, we evaluated that the business is worth. Based on our interview and our observation, it shows that the performance of MINISTOP is very good. They are well organized that is why no wonder they have a lot of customers and business runs well. Employees are enjoying the ir job with equal compensation and benefits given by their company. And as the business continuous to runs well there is no doubt for them to meet their goal to be the number one convenience store in the area.